chronically是什么意思？

chronically

英['krɒnɪklɪ] 美['krɒnɪklɪ]

• adv. 慢性地，习惯性地，长期地；

形容词：chronic;

例句

• It is required by law to shut down banks which it regards as chronically short of capital... 法律规定资金长期短缺的银行必须关闭。
• Similarly, any pigment nevus that is chronically irritated should be excised. 同样, 凡是经常受慢性刺激的各种色素痣切勿予以切除.
• If the intestinal walls are chronically inflamed, lipolysis is disturbed. 如果肠壁慢性炎症, 脂解作用被扰乱.
• Past medical history included polycythemia, thrombocytosis, chronically low blood pressure, neuropathy and extremity deep vein thrombosis. 过去史包括红细胞增多症, 血小板溶解症, 长期低血压, 神经元病和上肢深静脉血栓.
• Most of them were chronically ill. 他们多数人患有慢性病。
• Many factories were chronically overmanned. 很多工厂长期人浮于事。
• Research and technology are said to be chronically underfunded. 据说为研究和技术方面提供的经费严重不足。
• Chronically sick pigs often suffer from a partial alopecia characterized by a thinning of the bristles. 慢性病猪通常有局部脱毛,特点是鬃毛变稀疏.

柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典释义

• ADJ
  (疾病、残疾)慢性的，长期的
  A chronic illness or disability lasts for a very long time.
  例句
  ...chronic back pain. 慢性背痛
• ADJ
  难以根除的;积习难改的
  You can describe someone's bad habits or behaviour as chronic when they have behaved like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.
  例句
  Anyone who does not believe that smoking is an addiction has never been a chronic smoker. 不相信抽烟能上瘾的人肯定不是老烟民。 ...a chronic worrier. 总是忧心忡忡的人
• ADJ
  (局势或问题)严重的，顽固的
  A chronic situation or problem is very severe and unpleasant.
  例句
  One cause of the artist's suicide seems to have been chronic poverty... 那位艺术家自杀的一个原因似乎是极端贫困。 There is a chronic shortage of patrol cars in this police district. 这个治安辖区严重缺乏巡逻车辆。

英英词典释义

• Adverb
  1. in a habitual and long-standing manner;
  "smoking chronically"
  2. in a slowly developing and long lasting manner;
  "chronically ill persons"