以下这些形容词都含有"完全地或不完全地缺少光亮" 的意思
dark：最普通用词，指缺乏自然光线或人工照明，使某物漆黑无光或光线十分微弱。
dim：指光线不足或视力较差，不能清晰地看见物体。
black：侧重颜色是黑色的，有时也指无光的黑暗。
gloomy：指光线不足或部分光线受阻而出现的阴暗。
obscure：指因光线不充足而使物体灰暗不清，失去光泽或若隐若现。作借喻时指因复杂、深奥或含糊而难于理解。
vague：通常作借喻用，形容抽象事物。
grey与dark意思相近，但侧重阴暗单调的意味。

词组

black out
To lose consciousness or memory temporarily 抑制，抹去：抑制（事实或记忆等），使之不在意识中出现 To prohibit the dissemination of, especially by censorship 封锁：尤指通过审查禁止传播 To extinguish or conceal all lights that might help enemy aircraft find a target during an air raid. 对…实行灯火管制：在空袭中熄灭所有可能帮助敌机寻找目标的灯火 To extinguish all the lights on (a stage). 熄灯：（在舞台上）熄灭全部灯光 To cause a failure of electrical power in 停电：导致失去电力 To withhold (a televised event or program) from a broadcast area 停止转播：不在电视上转播（事件或节目）
black someone's eye
hit someone in the eye so as to cause bruising 把某人眼眶打得青肿
in someone's black books
(informal)in disfavour with someone (非正式)不受某人喜欢
look on the black side
(informal)view a situation from a pessimistic angle (非正式)看阴暗面，悲观
men in black
(informal)anonymous dark-clothed men who supposedly visit people who have reported an encounter with a UFO or an alien in order to prevent them publicizing it (非正式)黑衣人（据认为造访曾报告邂逅不明飞行物或外星人者的匿名黑衣人，目的在阻止其向公众透露消息）
not as black as one is painted
(informal)not as bad as one is said to be (非正式)不像别人说的那么坏
black something out
(一般作 be blacked out)extinguish all lights or completely cover windows, especially for protection against an air attack or in order to provide darkness in which to show a film （尤指为躲避空袭或放映电影）熄灭所有灯光；完全遮住窗户 obscure something completely so that it cannot be read or seen 使模糊不清
in the black
On the credit side of a ledger; prosperous. 富裕的：在总帐目中有存款的一方的；富裕的

柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典释义

COLOUR

黑色

Something that is black is of the darkest colour that there is, the colour of the sky at night when there is no light at all.
例句
She was wearing a black coat with a white collar... 她穿着一件白领黑外套。 He had thick black hair... 他的头发乌黑浓密。
ADJ

（人）黑色人种的；（尤指）非洲黑人的

A black person belongs to a race of people with dark skins, especially a race from Africa.
例句
He worked for the rights of black people... 他为争取黑人权利而工作。 Sherry is black, tall, slender and soft-spoken. 谢里是个黑人，身材高挑，细声细语。
N-COUNT

黑人（可能具冒犯意味）

Black people are sometimes referred to as blacks. This use could cause offence.
例句
There are about thirty-one million blacks in the US. 美国大约有3,100万黑人。
ADJ

（咖啡、茶）不加牛奶（或奶油）的

Black coffee or tea has no milk or cream added to it.
例句
A cup of black tea or black coffee contains no calories... 一杯不加牛奶的茶或咖啡不含热量。 I drink coffee black. 我喝咖啡不加奶。
ADJ-GRADED

极糟糕的；坏透顶的；黑暗的

If you describe a situation as black, you are emphasizing that it is very bad indeed.
例句
It was, he said later, one of the blackest days of his political career... 后来他说，这是他政治生涯中最黑暗的日子之一。 The future for the industry looks even blacker. 这个产业的前景看起来更加暗淡。
ADJ-GRADED

（情绪）沮丧的，低落的，忧郁的

If someone is in a black mood, they feel very miserable and depressed.
例句
In late 1975, she fell into a black depression... 在1975年底，她陷入了情绪的低谷。 Her mood was blacker than ever. 她的心情从未如此低落过。
ADJ-GRADED

残忍的；恶毒的；邪恶的

You use black to describe things that you consider to be very cruel or wicked.
例句
I think their crime is a blacker one than mere exploitation. 我想他们的罪行比单纯的剥削更残忍。 ...the blackest laws in the country's history. 这个国家历史上最严酷的法律
ADJ-GRADED

（幽默）黑色的

Black humour involves jokes about sad or difficult situations.
例句
'So you can all go over there and get shot,' he said, with the sort of black humour common among British troops here... “所以你们都可以到那里去挨枪子儿，”他说道，口吻中透着这里英国部队惯用的黑色幽默。 It's a black comedy of racial prejudice, mistaken identity and thwarted expectations. 这是一个关于种族歧视、身份错位和期望落空的黑色喜剧。
ADJ

巫术的；妖术的

People who believe in black magic believe that it is possible to communicate with evil spirits.
例句
He was also alleged to have conducted black magic ceremonies... 据称他还做了法。 The King was unjustly accused of practising the black arts. 国王被诬陷施行妖术。
VERB

把（眼睛）打得发青

If someone blacks another person's eye, they punch or hit that person in the eye, causing it to bruise and look black.
例句
Her husband blacked her eye... 她丈夫把她的眼睛打青了。 Their mother was trying to hide her two blacked eyes. 他们的母亲想遮住自己被打青的双眼。
PHRASE

（伤得）青一块紫一块

If you say that someone is black and blue, you mean that they are badly bruised.
例句
Whenever she refused, he'd beat her black and blue... 只要她拒绝他，他就会把她打得青一块紫一块。 Bud's nose was still black and blue. 巴德的鼻子还是青一块紫一块的。
PHRASE

有盈余；有结余

If a person or an organization is in the black, they do not owe anyone any money.
例句
Remington's operations in Japan are now in the black... 雷明顿在日本的业务现在有盈利。 Until his finances are in the black I don't want to get married. 在他有银行存款之前，我不想和他结婚。
PHRASE

怒视；恶狠狠的盯视

If someone gives you a black look, they look at you in a way that shows that they are very angry about something.
例句
Passing my stall, she cast black looks at the amount of stuff still unsold. 她经过我的货摊的时候，怒气冲冲地看了几眼还没有卖出去的东西。

英汉词典释义

adj.
黑暗的, 漆黑的
It was a cold, black night. 那是一个寒冷而漆黑的夜晚。
(关于)黑人的; 黑色人种的; 黑人的
He is a black scientist. 他是一位黑人科学家。
暗淡的, 毫无希望的; 令人沮丧的
He is a black villain. 他是一个无可救药的恶棍。 His face was black with rage. 他气得脸色铁青。
n.
黑色
Black is not my favourite colour. 黑色不是我最喜爱的颜色。
vt.
把(眼眶)撞(或打)成青肿
He blacked her eye with that one punch. 他用那一猛拳把她的眼眶打得发青。
vi.
变黑；复暗
The sky blacked over today. 今天天空变得一片漆黑。

英英词典释义

Noun
1. the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)
2. total absence of light;
"they fumbled around in total darkness""in the black of night"
3. (board games) the darker pieces
4. black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning);
"the widow wore black"
Verb
1. make or become black;
"The smoke blackened the ceiling""The ceiling blackened"
Adjective
1. being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light;
"black leather jackets""as black as coal""rich black soil"
2. of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin;
"a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization"- Martin Luther King Jr.
3. marked by anger or resentment or hostility;
"black looks""black words"
4. stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable;
"black deeds""a black lie""his black heart has concocted yet another black deed""Darth Vader of the dark side""a dark purpose""dark undercurrents of ethnic hostility""the scheme of some sinister intelligence bent on punishing him"-Thomas Hardy
5. offering little or no hope;
"the future looked black""prospects were bleak""Life in the Aran Islands has always been bleak and difficult"- J.M.Synge"took a dim view of things"
6. (of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin;
"the stock market crashed on Black Friday""a calamitous defeat""the battle was a disastrous end to a disastrous campaign""such doctrines, if true, would be absolutely fatal to my theory"- Charles Darwin"it is fatal to enter any war without the will to win it"- Douglas MacArthur"a fateful error"
7. (of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood;
"a face black with fury"
8. extremely dark;
"a black moonless night""through the pitch-black woods""it was pitch-dark in the celler"
9. harshly ironic or sinister;
"black humor""a grim joke""grim laughter""fun ranging from slapstick clowning ... to savage mordant wit"
10. (of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading;
"black propaganda"
11. distributed or sold illicitly;
"the black economy pays no taxes"
12. (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame;
"Man...has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands"- Rachel Carson"an ignominious retreat""inglorious defeat""an opprobrious monument to human greed""a shameful display of cowardice"
13. (of coffee) without cream or sugar
14. dressed in black;
"a black knight""black friars"
15. soiled with dirt or soot;
"with feet black from playing outdoors""his shirt was black within an hour"

行业词典

体育：黑方；黑色；
医学：黑色的：不能反射光或真实颜色的；黑色：色泽中最深者；
物理学：黑体辐射；black-body radiation；黑白群；black-and-white group；