vt. 证明，证实，[法]验证，检定，显示；vi. 显示出，证明是；

[例句] We have been accused of exaggerating before, but unfortunately all our reports proved to be true...

[例句] In the past this process of transition has often proven difficult.

vt. 倾倒，丢下，卸下，摆脱，扔弃，倾销；vi. 突然跌倒或落下，卸货，转嫁（责任等）；n. 垃圾场，仓库，无秩序地累积；

[例句] We dumped our bags at the nearby Grand Hotel and hurried towards the market...

[例句] He got my haversack from the cab and dumped it at my feet.

vt.& vi. 轻拍，爱抚，拍成，拍至；n. 轻拍，轻拍某物发出的声音，小团，小块；adj. 恰好的，适当的，熟练的，过于巧合的，人为的，快活的，活泼的；vt. 表扬，称赞（某人/自己）；

[例句] 'Don't you worry about any of this,' she said patting me on the knee...

[例句] The landlady patted her hair nervously...

adj. 便宜的，廉价的，劣质的，低劣的，小气的，可鄙的；adv. 便宜地，卑鄙地；

[例句] I'm going to live off campus if I can find somewhere cheap enough...

[例句] Smoke detectors are cheap and easy to put up...

v. 捡起，接载，学会，逮捕；

[例句] He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head...

[例句] Ridley picked up a pencil and fiddled with it.

n. 脉搏，[无线电]（电磁波等）脉动，活力，有节奏的跳动（或拍打）；vi. （心脏）跳动，脉动，搏动，震动；vt. 使跳动，有节奏地驱动（机器等），[电子学]施以脉冲，[无线电]脉冲地调节（电磁波）；

[例句] Mahoney's pulse was racing, and he felt confused.

[例句] ...the repetitive pulse of the music.

n. 赞扬，称赞，崇拜，赞词；v. 赞扬，赞美，歌颂，崇拜；

[例句] The American president praised Turkey for its courage...

[例句] Many others praised Sanford for taking a strong stand...

vt.& vi. 使摆姿势，以…身份出现，招摇，炫耀；vt. 提出，造成（威胁、问题等），引起，产生；n. 姿势，姿态，装腔作势，伪装；

[例句] This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry...

[例句] His ill health poses serious problems for the future.

vt. 包装，把…装箱，向…提出一揽子计划；n. 包裹，包装袋，包装盒，一组建议；

[例句] I tore open the package.

[例句] ...a package addressed to Miss Claire Montgomery.

n. 出席，到场，存在，出现，风采，风度，鬼魂，神灵；

[例句] They argued that his presence in the village could only stir up trouble...

[例句] Her Majesty later honoured the Headmaster with her presence at lunch.

n. 掌掴，掌掴声，侮辱；vt. 猛打，用力放置，尖刻批评、侮辱；vi. 拍击；adv. 直接地，猛然地；

[例句] He would push or slap her once in a while...

[例句] I slapped him hard across the face...

vt. 用力插入，使陷入；vi. 跳入，全心投入，突降，俯冲；n. 投入，陷入，游泳，跳水；

[例句] At least 50 people died when a bus plunged into a river...

[例句] He ran down the steps to the pool terrace and plunged in.

v. 擦光，磨光，修改，润色；n. 光泽剂，擦亮剂，擦亮，磨光，优美，优雅，精良；

[例句] The still air smelt faintly of furniture polish.

[例句] ...soap powders, detergents, and polishes.

n. 危险，冒险；vt. 置…于危险中，危及；

[例句] ...the perils of the sea...

[例句] In spite of great peril, I have survived...

n. 人口，全体居民，特定[生物]种群，[物]布居；

[例句] Bangladesh now has a population of about 110 million.

[例句] ...the annual rate of population growth.

adj. 专业的，专业性的，职业的；n. 专业人士；

[例句] His professional career started at Liverpool University.

[例句] ...highly qualified professional people like doctors and engineers.

n. 程序，节目，节目单，计划，安排；v. [计]给…编写程序，为…制定计划，设计安排活动，编排；

[例句] The chances of an error occurring in a computer program increase with the size of the program.

[例句] He programmed his computer to compare all the possible combinations.

n. 镶板，面，（门、墙等上面的）嵌板，控制板；vt. 选定（陪审团），把…分格，在…上置鞍垫，把…镶入框架内；

[例句] He assembled a panel of scholars to advise him...

[例句] All the writers on the panel agreed Quinn's book should be singled out for special praise...

vt. 更喜欢，提升，提拔，给予（债权人）优先权，提出（控告）；vi. 更喜欢，宁愿；

[例句] Does he prefer a particular sort of music?...

[例句] I became a teacher because I preferred books and people to politics...

adj. 首要的，主要的，最早的，原始的，[地质学]原生的，基本的；n. 第一位，最好者，要素，候选人提拔会；

[例句] That's the primary reason the company's share price has held up so well...

[例句] I don't think young people's primary aim in life is to get drunk...