n. 人行道，硬路面，铺过的路面，[动]铺石状构造[密生的齿列等]；

[例句] He was hurrying along the pavement.

vt. 宣告，公布，表明，赞扬，称颂；

[例句] The Boers rebelled against British rule, proclaiming their independence on 30 December 1880...

[例句] Britain proudly proclaims that it is a nation of animal lovers...

vt.& vi. 收割，获得，得到（报偿）；

[例句] You'll soon begin to reap the benefits of being fitter...

[例句] We are not in this to reap immense financial rewards.

adj. 永久的，不断的，无期限的，四季开花的；

[例句] ...the creation of a perpetual union.

[例句] I thought her perpetual complaints were going to prove too much for me.

adj. 临别的，临别纪念的，分离的，分隔的，将要过去的，临终的，临死的；n. 分别，离别，分界线，分界点，分离，分裂；v. 分开，断裂，离去(part的ing形式)；

[例句] Parting from any one of you for even a short time is hard...

[例句] It was a dreadfully emotional parting.

vt.& vi. 夹紧，夹住，锁住，把（砖等）堆高，堆存，脚步很重地走；n. 钳，夹子，压板，压铁，车轮锁，（砖等的）堆；vt. 紧紧抓住，紧夹住，被抓住，被夹紧；

[例句] Somebody forgot to bring along the U-bolts to clamp the microphones to the pole.

[例句] Simon finished dialing and clamped the phone to his ear...

n. 丛，笨重的脚步声，土块；vt. 使成一丛，凝结成块；

[例句] ...a clump of trees bordering a side road.

[例句] ...a sweetly scented perennial that grows in clumps.

n. 囚犯，犯人，俘虏，刑事被告；

[例句] The committee is concerned about the large number of prisoners sharing cells.

[例句] ...wartime hostages and concentration-camp prisoners...

adj. 垂直的，成直角的，直立的，险陡的，[建]垂直式的，〈谑〉直站着的；n. 垂直线，垂直面，直立，直立姿势，廉直，垂直测器，锤规，[建]垂直式建筑，绝壁；

[例句] We made two slits for the eyes and a perpendicular line for the nose...

[例句] The sides of the loch are almost perpendicular.

n. 前例，先例；adj. 在前的，在先的；

[例句] The trial could set an important precedent for dealing with large numbers of similar cases...

[例句] There are plenty of precedents in Hollywood for letting people out of contracts.

n. 枢轴，中心点，中枢，[物]支点，支枢，[体]回转运动；vi. 在枢轴上转动，随…转移；vt. 把…放在枢轴上，以…为核心，使绕枢轴旋转，由…而定；adj. 枢轴的，关键的；

[例句] Forming the pivot of the exhibition is a large group of watercolours.

[例句] The boat pivoted on its central axis and pointed straight at the harbour entrance...

n. 序曲，前奏曲，开场戏，序幕，前兆，预兆；v. 为…作序，开头，成为…的序曲，演奏序曲，唱开场戏；

[例句] Most unions see privatisation as an inevitable prelude to job losses...

[例句] The conference, which closed yesterday, was a prelude to a Communist Party Central Committee meeting.

adj. 省的，州的，领地的，地方的，乡下的，粗野的，鄙俗的；n. 首都以外的人，地区居民，外地人，粗野的人，（管辖教区的）大主教；

[例句] Jeremy Styles, 34, was the house manager for a provincial theatre for ten years.

[例句] ...in Rasht, the provincial capital of Gilan province.

n. 痛性痉挛，抽筋，（腹部）绞痛，夹子，扣钉，（制靴）弓状木；vt. 使痉挛，使抽筋，使扫兴，用夹子夹紧，限制，束缚；adj. 难懂的，难认的，受拘束的，狭窄的；

[例句] Hillsden was complaining of cramp in his calf muscles...

[例句] ...muscle cramp...

n. 胡椒，辣椒，胡椒粉；vt. 在…上撒胡椒粉，使布满，连续击打；

[例句] Season with salt and pepper.

[例句] ...freshly ground black pepper.

n. [气]预测，预报，预言，预言的事物；

[例句] He was unwilling to make a prediction about which books would sell in the coming year...

[例句] Predictions that the recession will be short are small comfort to those already affected...

n. 喘气，喘息，气喘，喷气声；vi. 喘气，喘息，喘着气说，气喘吁吁地讲，热望，渴望，想，（机车等）喷气；vt. 气喘；

[例句] She climbed rapidly until she was panting with the effort.

adv. 特别，尤其，异乎寻常地；

[例句] Keep your office space looking good, particularly your desk...

[例句] More local employment will be created, particularly in service industries...

adj. 繁荣的，兴旺的，富裕的，幸福的，运气好的，良好的；

[例句] ...the youngest son of a relatively prosperous British family...

[例句] The place looks more prosperous than ever.

n. 头皮，胜利品，圆秃秃的山顶，做股票小投机所得的微小利润；vt. 剥去…的头皮，倒卖（黄牛票），以（某物）囤积居奇牟取暴利，夺取（对方的势力）；vi. 卖（黄牛票）；

[例句] He smoothed his hair back over his scalp...

[例句] Massage the shampoo into the scalp.