adj. 富有成效的，多产的，生产性的，具有创造性的；

[例句] Training makes workers highly productive...

[例句] More productive farmers have been able to provide cheaper food.

n. 反论，悖论，似是而非的观点，自相矛盾的人或事，[物]佯谬；

[例句] The paradox is that the region's most dynamic economies have the most primitive financial systems...

[例句] The paradox of exercise is that while using a lot of energy it seems to generate more...

adj. 和平的，爱好和平的，安静的，平静的；

[例句] He has attempted to find a peaceful solution to the Ossetian conflict...

[例句] They emphasised that their equipment was for peaceful and not military purposes.

vi. 死亡，丧生，毁灭，腐烂，枯萎，老化；vt. 使麻木，使毁坏；

[例句] Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of autumn.

[例句] ...the ferry disaster in which 193 passengers perished.

adj. 紧迫的，紧急的，迫切的，急迫的，恳切的；n. 压，压制，模压制品，力主，唱片；v. 压，压迫(press的现在分词)；

[例句] It is one of the most pressing problems facing this country...

[例句] There is a pressing need for more funds.

v. 拉( pull的过去式和过去分词 )，扯，拉过来，划（船）；

[例句] They have pulled out patients' teeth unnecessarily...

[例句] He pulled on a jersey...

n. 学生，[解]瞳孔，未成年人，[法]被监护人；

[例句] Over a third of those now at secondary school in Wales attend schools with over 1,000 pupils...

[例句] Eleanor was a reluctant, anxious pupil.

n. 促进，增进，提升，升级，（商品等的）推广，发扬；

[例句] Consider changing jobs or trying for promotion.

[例句] ...rewarding outstanding employees with promotions to higher-paid posts.

adj. 优先的，占先的，在…之前；n. 小修道院院长，大修道院的副院长，（隐修院）会长，[史]行政长官，普赖尔；adv. 在前，居先；

[例句] He claimed he had no prior knowledge of the protest...

[例句] The Constitution requires the president to seek the prior approval of Congress for military action...

n. 渗透，穿透，[军]突破，洞察力；

[例句] X-rays can penetrate many objects...

[例句] His men had been ordered to shoot on sight anyone trying to penetrate the area.

vi. 恳求，辩论；vt. 以…为理由，陈述案情，申辩，认罪，辩护；vt.& vi. 申诉，答辩，为…辩护；

[例句] The lady pleaded with her daughter to come back home...

[例句] He was kneeling on the floor pleading for mercy...

vt. 繁衍，增殖，使遗传，扩散，使蔓延；vi. 繁殖，扩大，[物] 通过媒介传送；

[例句] They propagated political doctrines which promised to tear apart the fabric of British society.

[例句] The easiest way to propagate a vine is to take hardwood cuttings...

vt. （连续地）投掷，连续攻击，剥皮；vi. （连续地）投掷，（雨等）急降，开火，迅猛前进；n. 毛皮，抨击，打击，投掷；

[例句] ...a bed covered with beaver pelts.

[例句] ...rapidly diminishing suppliers of furs and pelts.

adj. 经过的，路过的，短暂的，及格的，正在发生的；adv. 非常地，无以伦比地；n. 经过，通过，经过之处，通过的手段，死亡；v. 走过( pass的现在分词)；

[例句] Hamnett does not believe environmental concern is a passing fad...

[例句] He had never taken more than a passing interest in the girl.

n. 生而为人，人格，人品，个性，人物，名人；

[例句] She has such a kind, friendly personality...

[例句] Through sheer force of personality Hugh Trenchard had got his way...

n. 珍珠，珍品，人造珍珠，珠状物；vi. 采珍珠；vt. 使成珠状，用珍珠装饰；

[例句] She wore a string of pearls at her throat...

[例句] I put on the pearl earrings Daddy had bought me.

vt. 刺穿，戳穿，刺破，洞察，深深打动；vi. 进入，透入；

[例句] One bullet pierced the left side of his chest...

[例句] Pierce the skin of the potato with a fork.

n. 踏板，脚蹬子，垂足线；vt.& vi. 踩自行车的踏板，骑自行车；

[例句] She climbed on her bike with a feeling of pride and pedalled the five miles home...

[例句] She was too tired to pedal back.

adj. 终年的，长久的，多年生的，不断生长的，四季不断的；n. 多年生植物，长期存在的；

[例句] ...the perennial urban problems of drugs and homelessness...

[例句] There's a perennial shortage of teachers with science qualifications.

vt. 清除，（使）净化，（使）通便，肃清；n. 净化，泻药，整肃；

[例句] The leadership voted to purge the party of 'hostile and anti-party elements'...

[例句] He recently purged the armed forces, sending hundreds of officers into retirement...