名 head，leader，chief，aspect；动 （出头告发） bring charges against sb.；形 first，highest，supreme；

[例句] 那首歌多年来一直铭记在我心中。 That song has stuck in my head for years.

[例句] 这更像是首付，也可以说是定金。 This is more like a downpayment, or a deposit, if you like.

seat of honour，chief，doyen，top ；

[例句] 他已经赢得了该国首席小提琴独奏家的名誉。 He has acquired a reputation as this country's premier solo violinist.

[例句] 作为首席执行官，他手下云集了一批优雅的名人名士。 As chief executive, he assembled a polished stable of celebrities.

for the first time，first ；

[例句] 鲍勃·马利让他们首次接触到了雷盖音乐。 Bob Marley provided them with their first taste of Reggae music.

[例句] 这张精选集在1984年首次以唱片形式发行。 This compilation was first issued on vinyl in 1984.

chieftain，leader，head，captain，header ；

[例句] 他们每天用无线电和叛军首领联系两次。 They are in twice daily radio contact with the rebel leader.

[例句] 民兵首领已拦阻了该地区经由陆上运送食品的车队。 Militia leaders had halted overland food convoys in the region.

head of a state，chief executive，ruler，emir （埃米尔， 某些伊斯兰[回教]国家的元首），caudillo ；

[例句] 现任元首，兰尼埃三世亲王于1949年5月9日继位。 The present ruler, Prince Rainier III, succeeded to the throne on 9 May 1949.

[例句] 他只不过是个走狗，忠实执行元首的命令。 He was little more than a cipher who faithfully carried out the Fuehrer's commands.

head，mugwump ；

[例句] 官员们正在为世界首脑峰会做准备工作。 Officials are laying the groundwork for a summit conference of world leaders.

[例句] 在波恩举行了西欧各国首脑会议. A Western European summit was held in Bonn.

capital，metropolitan ；

[例句] 有报道称首都弥漫着不满的情绪。 There are reports of widespread dis-content in the capital.

[例句] 刚出首都，总统无人护卫的汽车就遭到了伏击。 The President's unescorted vehicle was ambushed just outside the capital.

(woman's personal) ornaments，jewelry，headgear ；

[例句] “可这是一件漂亮的首饰，不是吗？” "It's a nice piece of jewellery though, isn't it?"

[例句] 我花很多钱购买昂贵的首饰和衣服。 I spend a lot on expensive jewelry and clothing.

（最先） first，in the first place，first of all，above all，firstly ；

[例句] 我们必须首先集中精力治疗毒瘾。 We must concentrate our energies on treating addiction first.

[例句] 首先来看今天的新闻摘要。 First, we have this roundup of the day's news.

prime minister，premier ；

[例句] 首相已听取了她议会助手的简要汇报。 The Prime Minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.

[例句] 这张地毯是首相送的结婚礼物。 The carpet was a wedding present from the Prime Minister.

voluntarily surrender oneself，confess one's crime，make a political recantation，surrender to the enemy，cop-out ；

[例句] 对于那些不肯自首的罪犯应予缉拿归案。 Those who do not come forward should be hunted down.

[例句] 劫持者向警方自首了，目前警方正在审讯他。 The hijacker gave himself up to police, who are now questioning him.

raise one's head，bridle，perk ；

[例句] 手放两边，昂首站立。 Stand with your arms by your side and your head erect.

[例句] 受到挑战时公鸡昂首挺立. The cock's head perked when it was challenged.

the first place，primacy ；

[例句] 这项宣言将创造工作机会放在首位。 The manifesto gives pride of place to job creation.

[例句] 萨拉岑成为了首位高尔夫四大满贯赛冠军。 Sarazen became the first golfer to win all four majors.

chief criminal，principal culprit ；

[例句] 首恶必办, 胁从不问,立功受奖. The chief criminals shall be punished without fail, those who are accomplices under duress shall go unpunished and those who perform deeds of merIt'shall be rewarded.

[例句] 首恶必办， 胁从不问，立功受奖。 The chief criminals shall be punished without fail, those who are accomplices under duress shall go unpunished and those who perform deeds of merit shall be rewarded.

[旧] （省会所在地） the prefecture where the provincial capital is located，（自治区、自治州政府所在地） the capital of an autonomous region or prefecture，（附属国、殖民地最高当局所在地）

[例句] 我们在多塞特熙熙攘攘的郡首府多切斯特相遇。 We met in Dorchester, Dorset's bustling county town.

[例句] 他列举了50个州的首府. He enumerated the capitals of the 50 states.

initial，standing initial ；

[例句] 瓦莱丽在排球、篮球和曲棍球三个项目上获得了佩戴校名首字母标志的荣誉。 Valerie earned letters in three sports: volleyball, basketball, and field hockey.

[例句] 请在凭单上用首字母签名。 Would you mind initialing this voucher?

release，first run，premiere；

[例句] 全球首映是在1956年8月。 The world premiere took place in August 1956.

[例句] 这部纪录片在耶路撒冷电影节首映。 The documentary premiered at the Jerusalem Film Festival.

dagger，stiletto，dirk，knife，stylet ；

[例句] 他拔出匕首转身面向追他的人。 He drew his dagger and turned to face his pursuers.

[例句] 匕首牢牢地卡在银质刀鞘中。 The dagger stuck tightly in the silver scabbard.

bow one's head (in submission) ；

[例句] 我知道这是他拉拢我,好让我俯首贴耳地为他效劳. I knew he was trying to wheedle me into being at his beck and call.

[例句] 横眉冷对千夫指, 俯首甘为孺子牛. Fierce - browed , I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers ; headbowed , like a willing ox I serve the children.

primary，principal，[医] capital，princeps，all-important ；

[例句] 首要的难题是，过时也好，不过时也罢，它很不错。 The first difficulty is that, old-fashioned or not, it is very good.

[例句] 首要的治疗方法就是通过定期滋润来帮助受到影响的皮肤。 The first line of treatment is to help the affected skin by moisturising it regularly.