动 rise，get up，draw out，remove；量 case，instance，batch，group；名 （姓氏）a surname ；

[例句] 他14岁起就知道自己日后干什么了。 He knew what he wanted to do from the age of 14.

[例句] 委员会最近因为介入该起争端而遭到批评。 The council recently drew fire for its intervention in the dispute.

(of aircraft) take off，lift-off，launch，hop off，flying-off ；

[例句] 还有几次事故主要是起飞时引擎出现故障造成的。 There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off.

[例句] 我搭乘的联运航班又过了6个小时才起飞。 My connecting plane didn't depart for another six hours.

rise and fall，ups and downs，heave rolling，undulate，gurgitation ；

[例句] 狂风大作，海面上波浪起伏。 A gale was blowing and the sea was choppy.

[例句] 石油市场因当天来自日内瓦的报道出现了起伏。 Oil markets oscillated on the day's reports from Geneva.

origin，origination，parentage，germ，incept ；

[例句] 问题不仅仅是起始阶段的小麻烦那么简单。 The problems went deeper than mere teething difficulties.

[例句] 这些是奏鸣曲的起始和弦. These are the opening chords of a sonata.

crane，derrick，crab，freight elevator，chain block ；

[例句] 高架起重机正吊起一块块巨大的钢板。 Overhead cranes were lifting giant sheets of steel.

[例句] 材料由那台新起重机吊到楼顶. Materials are elevated to the top floor by the new hoist.

blister，bubble，foam，bead ；

[例句] 其他起泡的葡萄酒通常被认为较香槟酒为次. Other sparkling wines are often considered the poor relations of champagne.

[例句] 我的新鞋把我的脚跟磨起泡了. My new shoes have made blisters on my heels.

hump，swelling，bulge，saddle-backing，heave ；

[例句] 他用右手抓住了一块凸起的岩石。 He grabbed at a protrusion of rock with his right hand.

[例句] 裂缝、凸起、剥落的勾缝和湿斑都意味着存在问题。 Cracks, bulges, crumbling pointing and damp patches mean trouble.

start (a machine, etc.)，switch on，jump-start，weigh anchor ；

[例句] 为了使汽车起动,他们推了它一下. They gave the car a push to start it.

[例句] 这发动机起动时喀喀作响. The engine coughed and spluttered into life.

[地质] rise，tuberositas，bulge，protuberate，apophysis ；

[例句] 卡车开过路面上的隆起处，颠了一下。 The truck hit a bump and bounced.

[例句] 他身高体宽，双肩隆起。 He was tall and broad with humped shoulders.

origin，beginning，originate from，originate in，filiation；

[例句] 生命起源的确切详情仍是个谜。 The precise details of the origins of life remain hidden.

[例句] 地球上生命的起源 the origins of life on earth

[律] sue，prosecute，charge，bring a suit against sb.，bring an accusation against ；

[例句] 调查这个案子的警官正在考虑尽快起诉嫌疑人。 Police officers on the case are reckoning to charge someone very shortly.

[例句] 有一名雇员起诉她非法解聘。 One of her employees sued her for wrongful dismissal.

weigh anchor，set sail，unmoor，heave-ho，atrip；

[例句] 水手们用绞盘或起锚机把缆绳拉起来. Sailors hove up the cable with windlass or capstan.

[例句] 嗣后不久,哈伍德海军上将获悉船在起锚了. Shortly afterwards Admiral Harwood learnt that the ship was weighing anchor.

jack-up ；

[例句] 在某事中起重要作用 to play a major role in sth

[例句] 它们还在从起重机上掉落的地方，一部分露出水面。 They lay where they had fallen from the crane, sticking out of the water.

tease，napping，teasing，[工艺] nap ；

[例句] 不平背印花有各类典范榜样, 其洋起绒印花和不收泡印花很驰名. Tridimension printing types, including fleece printing and foaming printing is very famous.

[例句] 起绒机是用来解开纤维的. A teaser is used to disentangle the fibers.

break out，suddenly appear，rise high，tower，prominency ；

[例句] 岩石表面的突起部分 a protrusion on the rock face

[例句] 四周青山突起, 又高又陡. All around it rose , high and steep, the green hills.

initiate，sponsor，start，launch，originate ；

[例句] 军队现在似乎已经发起了反攻。 The army now appears to have launched a counter-offensive.

[例句] 贝内特发起了一场捍卫“道德价值”、反对腐朽堕落的“自由相对论”的战争。 Bennett launched a crusade for "moral values" against decadent "liberal relativism."

[纸] fluff，flokkit，nap，tease，fuzz ；

[例句] 缎子很容易起毛. Satin is very easily roughed.

[例句] 起毛促进起球. Hairiness proceeds the formation of pills.

originally，at first，in the beginning，at the outset，in the first instance ；

[例句] 起初，达特非常紧张，最后终于放松了下来。 Dart, who had at first been very tense, at last relaxed.

[例句] 起初，他幸好不知道那些针对他的阴谋。 At first, he was blissfully unaware of the conspiracy against him.

origin，starting point，zero，a point of departure，jumping-off ；

[例句] 领退休金的人的纳税起点是六千美元. The tax threshold for a pensioner is $ 6,000.

[例句] 领退休金的人的“纳税”起点是六千美元. The tax threshold a pensioner is $ 6 , 000.

look down upon [on]，scorn，despise，disdain，look down on ；

[例句] 他对那些人很有看法，看不起他们粗俗的举止。 He was critical of the people, disparaging of their crude manners.

[例句] 他非常看不起政客。 He is deeply scornful of politicians.