名 （记录孔子及其门徒的言行的“论语”） The Analects of Confucius；

[例句] 对操行的评价会含有一些泛泛之论。 The evaluation of conduct involves some amount of generalization.

[例句] 盖茨以一篇有关部署策略的鸿篇大论予以回应。 Gates responds with a lengthy discourse on deployment strategy.

theory，exoterica，frame of reference，theoretics ；

[例句] 我真应该跟我这些愚蠢的朋友理论理论！ I shall have words with these stupid friends of mine!

[例句] 几年来已经有好几个类似理论相继提出。 Over the years several similar theories have been put forward.

[物] the theory of relativity，relativity，relativity theory，principle of relativity，relativism ；

[例句] 贝内特发起了一场捍卫“道德价值”、反对腐朽堕落的“自由相对论”的战争。 Bennett launched a crusade for "moral values" against decadent "liberal relativism."

[例句] 爱因斯坦于1905年创立了相对论。 Einstein formulated the Theory of Relativity in 1905.

discuss，talk over，kick something around，debate；

[例句] 有几个提案州议会正在讨论中。 Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly.

[例句] 他们的会谈预计会集中讨论军备控制问题。 Their talks are expected to focus on arms control.

argue，debate，controvert，polemize，reason ；

[例句] 有必要让公众在充分知情的状况下展开辩论。 There needs to be a properly informed public debate.

[例句] 20世纪最了不起的辩论家非列昂·托洛茨基莫属。 The greatest polemicist of the 20th century must be Leon Trotsky.

argue，dispute，debate，argument，altercate ；

[例句] 在这本新作中，哈里森巧妙地理顺了那些纷繁复杂的争论。 In this new book, Harrison brilliantly disentangles complex debates.

[例句] 他的话必将为争论推波助澜。 His comments are bound to add fuel to the debate.

demonstration，proof，expound and prove [verify]，argument，argumentation ；

[例句] 法律论证迫使审理中止，这让他既失望又悲伤。 He was disappointed and saddened that legal argument had stopped the trial.

[例句] 他的论证很有说服力，且充满自信。 He argued persuasively, and was full of confidence.

comment on，discuss，comment，commentary，criticism ；

[例句] 那组特写照片和附带的评论一目了然，毫无含糊之处。 The close-up photography and commentary are clear and unambiguous.

[例句] 利奇先生休假了，不方便作出评论。 Mr Leach is on holiday and was not available for comment.

ratiocination，sequitur，inference，triangulation，deduce ；

[例句] 我根据收集到的证据推论出这件事实. I inferred this fact from the evidence I have gathered.

[例句] 你这个结论是按照形式逻辑的方法推论出来的. You arrived at your conclusion using the methods of formal logic.

public opinion，consensus，the public voice，vox populi ；

[例句] 结果显示舆论出现一定程度的右倾。 The result reflects a modest rightward shift in opinion.

[例句] 他动员全世界的舆论反对氢弹试验。 He mobilized public opinion all over the world against hydrogen-bomb tests.

名 thesis，dissertation，treatise，paper，discourse ；

[例句] 他的论文几乎可以经受住最专业的审查。 His papers were proof against all but the most expert of scrutinies.

[例句] 许多科学论文，即便不是大多数，都是以口头形式在科学会议上发表的。 Many, if not most, scientific papers are presented orally at scientific meetings.

discuss，expound，relate and analyze，address oneself to，discourse upon ；

[例句] 伦道夫的著作专门论述污染对健康的影响。 Randolph's work was exclusively concerned with the effects of pollution on health.

[例句] 《牛津化学初级读本》丛书旨在论述有机化学中的重要问题。 The Oxford Chemistry Primers aim to cover important topics in organic chemistry.

opinion on public affairs，views on politics，expression of one's political views，speech，free press ；

[例句] 我们越来越反感他益发无趣又缺乏见地的言论。 We became increasingly fed up with his increasingly unfunny and unintelligent comments.

[例句] 唯一使我耿耿于怀的就是她那些关于爱尔兰的言论。 The only thing that rankles me is what she says about Ireland.

Darwinism，evolutionism，[计] theory of evolution，transformism ；

[例句] 许多人认为,科学在达尔文的进化论中找到了解谜的秘诀. Many thought that science had a key in Darwin's theory of evolution.

[例句] 这位科学家提出了进化论的新理论. The scientist put forth the new theory of evolution.

[逻]conclusion ，verdict，epilog，epilogue，summing-up ；

[例句] 他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。 He based his conclusions on the evidence given by the captured prisoners.

[例句] 相关科学家对不同模型的结论给予不同的权重。 The scientists involved put different weight on the conclusions of different models.

cybernetics，kybernetics，[数] control theory ；

[例句] 为了这一目的, 研究人员引用了控制论. To achieve this, researchers have drawn upon cybernetics.

[例句] 本文以系统论 、 信息论、控制论作为整个研究工作的指导思想. This paper considers system theory , information theory and cybernetics as pole stars.

fallacy，false theory，falsehood，absurd theory，idol ；

[例句] 孤立地看，这些说法可能是危险的谬论。 Taken in isolation these statements can be dangerous fallacies.

[例句] 识别这种谬论并非易事. Such fallacies are not easily perceived.

discuss，speak about，talk about，discourse，talk ；

[例句] 他爱说笑话，喜欢谈论啤酒和姑娘。 He cracked jokes and talked about beer and girls.

[例句] 他不喜欢谈论他自己，尤其是当着他学生的面。 He was disinclined to talk about himself, especially to his students.

normally，as things should be，logic，reason things out ；

[例句] 论理他早该回家了. He should have come home long ago.

[例句] 现在这种时候, 需要的不是有说服力的论理, 而是炽热的烙铁. At a time like this, scorching iron , not convincing argument, is needed.

no matter what, how, etc.，regardless of，no matter what，soever，whether ；

[例句] 达尔文的语言无论对专家还是非专业人士而言都明白易懂。 The language of Darwin was intelligible to experts and non-experts alike.

[例句] 无论延伸多长，平行线永不相交。 Parallel lines will never meet no matter how far extended.