动 stop，cease，[书]dismiss [remove] from office，end；副 already，[书]thereafter，afterwards，[书]too ；

[例句] 首相已听取了她议会助手的简要汇报。 The Prime Minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.

[例句] 物质和意识形态上的障碍在东欧已不复存在。 Physical and ideological barriers had come down in Eastern Europe.