动 use，take；介 with，by，in order to，according to；名 a surname；

[例句] 《古兰经》劝告人们在朝圣前斋戒，以作为一种补赎。 The Koran recommends fasting as a penance before pilgrimages.

[例句] 调以盐、胡椒和少许辣椒粉。 Season with salt, pepper and a pinch of cayenne.

can，may，[口]passable，pretty good，Ok ；

[例句] 当你从内心深处找到一种可以忍受一切痛苦的坚强力量时，你的成长历程就会出现飞跃。 The turning point in the process of growing up is when you discover the core of strength within you that survives all hurt.

[例句] 你可以和其他在线的人聊天。 You can chat to other people who are online.

before，formerly，prior to，previously，ago ；

[例句] 道格拉斯29岁，是个技术不错的拳击手，在以前的比赛中发挥不太稳定。 Douglas was a 29-year-old journeyman fighter, erratic in his previous fights.

[例句] 定量供应很久以前就结束了饼干过剩的状况。 Rationing had put an end to a surfeit of biscuits long ago.

so，therefore，（表示“原因就在这里”） the reason why，（表示实在的情由或适宜的举动），forasmuch ；

[例句] 我知道那根本没什么大不了的，所以有些无动于衷。 I know it's nothing serious and I feel quite unemotional about it.

[例句] 因为正在使用很多昂贵的设备，所以我非常紧张。 I get very nervous because I'm using a lot of expensive equipment.

after，later on，afterwards，later，anon ；

[例句] 失败的痛苦过去以后，英国人应该认真反思一下。 After the pain of defeat passes, England have some thinking to do.

[例句] 摇滚乐自从朋克乐以后就已经过于商业化而缺乏新意了。 Rock'n'roll has become so commercialised and safe since punk.

[物] ether，aether，ether effluvium ；

[例句] 他们想象存在一种充满整个空间的物理介质 -- 以太. They imagined the existence of a physical medium - the ether - filling all of space.

[例句] 迈克耳 孙- 莫雷实验的否定结果使人想到,以太的效应是不能检查到的. The null result of the Michelson - Morley experiment suggests that the effects of the ether are undetectable.

since ；

[例句] “圣诞节以来物价降了4成，”他悲叹道。 "Prices are down 40 per cent since Christmas," he lamented.

[例句] 这一地区3个月以来不断发生激战。 The area has been the scene of fierce fighting for three months.

Israel；

[例句] 首相承诺以色列将发挥积极的作用。 The Prime Minister has promised that Israel will play a constructive role.

[例句] 他所传达的信息针对的是以色列政局中尚未表态的中间派。 His message was aimed at the undecided middle ground of Israeli politics.

think，believe，consider，conceive，feel ；

[例句] 我们通常以为被拦路抢劫的受害者是老年人。 We usually think of a victim of mugging as being someone elderly.

[例句] 我们本以为他会采取更负责的态度。 We would have thought he would have a more responsible attitude.

in order to avoid，so as not to，lest，for fear，lest should ；

[例句] 牙医可能会决定拔掉那颗牙，以免反复发作。 A dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent recurrent trouble.

[例句] 用不同颜色的毡头笔画草图，以免搞混。 Use different colours of felt pen on your sketch to avoid confusion.

within，within the limits of，including，less than ；

[例句] 这种结实的高强度塑料盒子在水下100英尺以内是防水的。 The durable high-impact plastic case is water resistant to 100 feet.

[例句] 购买十件商品以内的顾客可使用快速购物通道。 Customers with ten items or less can use the express lane.

below，under，（指下面的） the following，hereinafter，thereinafter ；

[例句] 去年，经济增长率下降到4%以下。 Last year, economic growth tailed off to below four percent.

[例句] 目前，14岁以下儿童不允许进酒吧。 At present children under 14 are not permitted in bars.

more than，over，the above，the foregoing，hereinbefore ；

[例句] 他的一条腿不得不从膝部以上截断。 He had to have one leg amputated above the knee.

[例句] 该中心95%以上的工作人员是志愿者. Volunteers constitute more than 95% of The Center's work force.

so that，in order to，so as to，with the aim of，to the effect that ；

[例句] 玛丽把头向后仰，以便能看到他。 Mari tilted her head back so that she could look at him.

[例句] 她保留了许多副本以便作进一步的注解。 She retained a number of copies for further annotation.

difficult to ；

[例句] 我们得到了通常难以获取的大量数据。 We gained a rich supply of data which would normally be inaccessible.

[例句] 他经历的恐怖事件在他脑海中刻下了深深的，或许是难以磨灭的印记。 The horrors he experienced are imprinted, perhaps indelibly, in his brain.

so as to，for the purpose of，by way of ；

[例句] 这位教师常常给她的学生讲童话故事,借以吸引他们的兴趣. The teacher used to beguile her pupils with fairy tales.

[例句] 他装作若无其事,借以掩饰内心的不安. He conceals his worries behind a mask of nonchalance.

[法] former，previous，ago，agone，fore ；

[例句] 道格拉斯29岁，是个技术不错的拳击手，在以前的比赛中发挥不太稳定。 Douglas was a 29-year-old journeyman fighter, erratic in his previous fights.

[例句] 把以前的衣服随便搭配一下就能拼凑出一套。 You can cobble it together from any old combination of garments.

as well as，along with，and ；

[例句] 哈里继承了这座房子以及相当大的一片土地。 Harry inherited the house and a sizeable chunk of land.

[例句] 她可以打电话点餐，叫人来取要洗的衣服以及叫其他各种服务。 She could ring for food and drink, laundry and sundry services.

moreover，in addition ；

[例句] 一些想法必须通过验证法加以证实。 Some thought must be given to the method of validation.

[例句] 他逃到了哥斯达黎加以逃避服兵役。 He fled to Costa Rica to avoid military service.

inflict ；

[例句] 一直有报道称犯人被施以电刑。 There are consistent reports of electrical torture being practised on inmates.

[例句] 大人，我想请您施以大惠。 Your Grace, I have a great favour to ask of you.